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Semaglutide

Acylated peptide · GLP-1 receptor agonist · 31 amino acids

Half-life

~7d

After administration

Delivery Method

SubQ injection

Route of administration

Storage (Lyophilised)

12-24 months

room temp ≤30°C up to 56 days

Storage (Reconstituted)

4–6 weeks

Refrigerate at 2-8C

Known For

GLP-1 receptor agonist. FDA-approved as Ozempic (diabetes) and Wegovy (weight loss). The most widely prescribed weight loss medication globally. Weekly injection. Reduces appetite, slows gastric emptying, and improves blood sugar control. Significant cardiovascular benefits (SUSTAIN-6 trial). Semaglutide works on GLP-1 receptors only (unlike Tirzepatide which also hits GIP).

Mechanism of Action

GLP-1 receptor agonist — mimics gut hormone to reduce appetite, slow stomach emptying, improve insulin sensitivity

Body vs. External Supply

🔴 Exogenous (replaces natural)

Brand / Trade Names

Ozempic® (diabetes, injectable) Wegovy® (weight loss, injectable) Rybelsus® (diabetes, oral) Manufacturer: Novo Nordisk

Typical Research Dosage

Titrate: 0.25mg → 0.5mg → 1mg → 1.7mg → 2.4mg weekly. SubQ once weekly. Increase every 4 weeks.

Vial Duration Guide

5mg vial at 0.5mg/wk = 10 weeks. At 2.4mg/wk = ~2 weeks.

Recommended Vial Size

★ 5mg vials At 0.25-0.5mg/wk titration, 2mg vials are better (8 weeks — borderline). At 2.4mg/wk maintenance, 5mg = 2 weeks ✓. Semaglutide is more stable than most peptides.

Time to Effects

EARLY: 1-2 weeks FULL: 16-24 weeks Week 1-2: Appetite reduction noticeable quickly. Food noise decreases. Week 4-8: Weight loss becomes visible. 3-5% body weight. Week 12-16: Significant results. Cardiovascular benefits beginning. Week 16-24: Approaching peak effect. ~15-17% total body weight loss in trials at 68 weeks. Minimum commitment: 12 weeks. Most clinical data is at 52-68 weeks.

Contraindications & Do Not Combine

• Do NOT combine with Tirzepatide or Retatrutide (never stack GLP-1 agonists) • Exception: CagriSema blend is the intended semaglutide + cagrilintide combination • Caution with insulin or sulfonylureas

Common Side Effects

Nausea (20-44%), diarrhoea (15-30%), vomiting (8-24%), constipation (10-24%), abdominal pain (6-11%), headache (14%)

Drug Interactions

Insulin/sulfonylureas (↑hypo risk), oral contraceptives, levothyroxine, warfarin (delayed absorption). All oral meds potentially affected.

Reversibility

STEP 1 extension: ~2/3 of weight regained within 1 year of stopping. SELECT trial suggests CV benefits may persist. Fully reversible — no permanent changes.

Key Peer-Reviewed References

All studies are published in indexed journals unless otherwise noted.

• Wilding et al. (2021) STEP 1 Trial. NEJM 384(11):989-1002. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183 • SELECT Trial (2023): CV outcomes, NEJM. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2307563 • FDA Approved: Ozempic (2017, T2D), Wegovy (2021, obesity), Rybelsus (2019, oral) • ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03548935 (STEP 1)

Research Disclaimer

Almost all data is preclinical (animal or in-vitro). No large-scale randomised controlled human trials are available for most compounds on this catalogue. This information is provided for research reference only.

Storage Requirements

Pen: Refrigerate before first use, then room temp ≤30°C up to 56 days. Oral: room temp, protect from moisture.

State	Condition	Duration
Lyophilised (sealed)	room temp ≤30°C up to 56 days	12-24 months
Reconstituted	2-8C	4–6 weeks

Reconstitution Note

Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water (BAC water). Do not shake vigorously -- swirl gently to dissolve. Inject BAC water slowly down the side of the vial to avoid denaturing the peptide.

Video Resources

Semaglutide discussed by researchers & practitioners

Independent educational content from researchers, clinicians, and science communicators. Not affiliated with Pepnerd — provided as supplementary reading.

Educational resources only. The videos above are independent third-party content from researchers, clinicians, and science communicators. Pepnerd is not affiliated with any of these creators and does not endorse or make any claims based on their content. All products are sold strictly for in-vitro scientific research.

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Quick Reference

Half-life	~7 days (t½ ~168hrs)
Delivery	SubQ injection
Typical dose	0.25mg
Storage (lyoph.)	room temp ≤30°C up to 56 days
Storage (recon.)	4–6 weeks
Endogenous?	Exogenous (replaces natural)
Suppression	None known
WADA	Not listed (S0 risk if misused)
FDA status	Approved (Ozempic/Wegovy)